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''Frasera caroliniensis'', commonly known as American columbo or yellow gentian, is a herbaceous perennial of the gentian family Gentianaceae found in the deciduous forest of Southern Ontario and throughout the eastern and southeastern United States.〔Horn, N. C. 1997. An ecological study of ''Frasera caroliniensis''. ''Castanea, journal of the Southern Appalachian Botanical Society''. 62(3): 185-193.〕 It was previously known as ''Swertia caroliniensis''. == Description == American columbo is a monocarpic perennial, meaning it flowers once after multiple seasons, and then dies. When it reaches the flowering stage, the 3 - 6 inch lanceolate leaves develop (usually in whorls of four) on a round elongated stem, and approximately 50 to 100 flowers will develop a panicle, with the fruits maturing soon after. The flowers that it produces are about 1 inch in diameter and folious (tall and "spike"-like), green to yellow in colour with purple speckles. It is a perfect and complete flower, with four stamens and two carpels.〔Card, H.H. 1931. A revision of Genus ''Frasera''. ''Annals of Missouri Botanical Garden''. 18(2): 245-282. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2394089〕 The oblong shaped seed capsule has a brownish color and is about 1/2 inch long. The entire plant can reach heights over . Though it is monocarpic, the plant may live for up to 30 years before flowering.〔 The roots of ''F. caroliniensis'' are a taproot system, with a thick and fleshy taproot, and in some ''Frasera'' species, this may be modified into a branched rhizome. The leaves of ''F. caroliensis'' are carried on stalks ("petiolate") and have a thick, waxy texture.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Frasera caroliniensis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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